📖 有无 -ly 辨析 · 10 组
这一组是"看似简单,最容易踩坑"的考点——hard / hardly、late / lately、most / mostly,词根相同,加不加 -ly 意思完全不同。
本组精选 10 组高考最高频的 -ly 辨析。每组配:核心区别 + 例句对比 + 易错提醒 + 随堂检测。
🔊 朗读功能:点击词对的"词组 + 词性"区域 → 朗读 3 遍;点击每句例句右侧的"🔊"→ 朗读该例句 1 遍。
第 4 组 · 有无 -ly 辨析 10 组
hard / hardly
adv. / adv.
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核心区别
hard 是副词,"努力地、猛烈地";hardly 是副词,"几乎不"(否定含义)。
hard
He works hard every day.
他每天努力工作。
hardly
I can hardly hear you.
我几乎听不见你说的话。
易错提醒
hardly 本身已含否定含义——不能再加 not:
✗ I can't hardly hear you. ✓ I can hardly hear you.
hard 既是形容词也是副词:a hard job(形容词);work hard(副词)。
late / lately
adj./adv. / adv.
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核心区别
late 是"迟、晚"(形容词或副词);lately 是"最近、近来"(= recently)。
late
He was late for class again this morning.
他今天早上又迟到了。
lately
I haven't seen him lately.
我最近没见过他。
易错提醒
lately 常与现在完成时连用(recently 也是);
late 是"迟",lately 是"最近"——意思完全不同。
most / mostly
adv. / adv.
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核心区别
most 是"最"(构成最高级)或"非常";mostly 是"主要地、大部分地"。
most
This is the most interesting book I have ever read.
这是我读过最有趣的书。
mostly
The audience were mostly students.
观众大部分是学生。
易错提醒
most = the most(最高级)或 "very"(如 a most interesting book = 一本非常有趣的书);
mostly = mainly(主要地)——修饰动词或整个句子。
high / highly
adv. / adv.
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核心区别
high 指"位置高"(具体高度);highly 指"高度地、非常"(抽象程度)。
high
The bird flew high in the sky.
鸟在天空中高高飞翔。(具体高度)
highly
He is highly respected by his students.
他深受学生的高度尊敬。(抽象程度)
易错提醒
highly 常修饰抽象概念:
· think highly of sb.(高度评价某人)
· highly educated(受过高等教育的)
· highly likely(很有可能)
deep / deeply
adv. / adv.
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核心区别
deep 指"空间上深"(具体深度);deeply 指"感情上深、深刻地"(抽象)。
deep
They dug deep into the ground.
他们在地上挖得很深。(具体)
deeply
I was deeply moved by the story.
我被这个故事深深打动。(抽象)
易错提醒
deeply 常修饰情感类动词:
· deeply moved(深深打动)
· deeply sorry(深感抱歉)
· deeply regret(深深后悔)
wide / widely
adv. / adv.
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核心区别
wide 指"空间上宽"(具体宽度);widely 指"广泛地"(抽象范围)。
wide
Please open your mouth wide.
请把嘴张大。(具体)
widely
English is widely used around the world.
英语在世界各地被广泛使用。(抽象)
易错提醒
widely 常修饰抽象概念:
· widely used(广泛使用)
· widely known(广为人知)
· widely accepted(普遍接受)
close / closely
adv. / adv.
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核心区别
close 指"(距离上)靠近";closely 指"(关系或程度上)密切地、仔细地"。
close
Come close; I want to tell you a secret.
靠近点;我想告诉你一个秘密。(距离)
closely
The two events are closely connected.
这两件事密切相关。(程度)
易错提醒
closely 常搭配:
· closely related(密切相关)
· closely connected(紧密相连)
· watch closely(仔细观察)
near / nearly
adv. / adv.
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核心区别
near 是"(距离上)近";nearly 是"几乎、差不多"(= almost)。
near
My school is near the library.
我的学校靠近图书馆。(距离)
nearly
It's nearly 8 o'clock.
差不多快 8 点了。(程度)
易错提醒
nearly 与 almost 常互换,但 nearly 前可加 not(= not nearly,远非);
near 可以作介词:near the school(在学校附近)。
free / freely
adv. / adv.
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核心区别
free 是"免费地";freely 是"自由地、无拘无束地"。
free
Children under 6 can enter free.
6 岁以下儿童可免费入场。
freely
You can speak freely here—no one will judge you.
你可以在这里自由发言——没人会评判你。
易错提醒
free 作副词时只表示"免费";
freely 表示"自由地"(如 breathe freely 自由呼吸、speak freely 畅所欲言)。
bad / badly
adj. / adv.
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核心区别
bad 是形容词,"坏的";badly 是副词,"糟糕地"或"非常、严重地"(= very much / severely)。
bad
The weather is really bad today.
今天的天气真糟糕。(形容词)
badly
He was badly hurt in the accident.
他在事故中严重受伤。(副词)
易错提醒
badly 有两个含义:
· "糟糕地":He did badly in the exam.(他考得差)
· "非常、严重地":I need it badly.(我非常需要它)
常与 need / want / hurt 等连用。
综合练习 · 有无 -ly 辨析 10 题
练习 1
用 hard / hardly 填空:
(1)He works very ____ every day.
(2)I can ____ recognize you—you've changed so much.
答案与详解
(1)hard——"努力地";
(2)hardly——"几乎不"。
(1)hard;(2)hardly。
练习 2
用 late / lately 填空:
(1)He was ____ for class again this morning.
(2)I haven't seen him ____.
答案与详解
(1)late——"迟到";
(2)lately——"最近"。
(1)late;(2)lately。
练习 3
用 most / mostly 填空:
(1)This is the ____ interesting book I have ever read.
(2)The audience were ____ students.
答案与详解
(1)most——最高级"最";
(2)mostly——"大部分"。
(1)most;(2)mostly。
练习 4
用 high / highly 填空:
(1)The bird flew ____ in the sky.
(2)He is ____ respected by his students.
答案与详解
(1)high——具体高度;
(2)highly——抽象程度。
(1)high;(2)highly。
练习 5
用 deep / deeply 填空:
(1)They dug ____ into the ground.
(2)I was ____ moved by the story.
答案与详解
(1)deep——具体深度;
(2)deeply——抽象情感。
(1)deep;(2)deeply。
练习 6
用 wide / widely 填空:
(1)Please open your mouth ____.
(2)English is ____ used around the world.
答案与详解
(1)wide——具体宽度;
(2)widely——抽象范围。
(1)wide;(2)widely。
练习 7
用 close / closely 填空:
(1)Come ____; I want to tell you a secret.
(2)The two events are ____ connected.
答案与详解
(1)close——距离近;
(2)closely——程度密切。
(1)close;(2)closely。
练习 8
用 near / nearly 填空:
(1)My school is ____ the library.
(2)It's ____ 8 o'clock.
答案与详解
(1)near——靠近(介词用法);
(2)nearly——差不多。
(1)near;(2)nearly。
练习 9
用 free / freely 填空:
(1)Children under 6 can enter ____.
(2)You can speak ____ here—no one will judge you.
答案与详解
(1)free——免费;
(2)freely——自由地。
(1)free;(2)freely。
练习 10
用 bad / badly 填空:
(1)The weather is really ____ today.
(2)He was ____ hurt in the accident.
答案与详解
(1)bad——形容词;
(2)badly——"严重地"。
(1)bad;(2)badly。