话题词汇 · 工作与职业

20 个核心词 · 分 4 组 · 配套高考例句与练习

📖 工作与职业 · 20 个核心词

这是高考写作和阅读理解的高频话题,尤其适合"未来规划""择业观""职业素养"类作文。本页 20 个词按"职业基础 → 求职过程 → 工作能力 → 职业发展"四层递进,每个词配核心搭配和高考语境例句。

🔊 朗读功能:点击单词的"单词 + 音标 + 词性"区域 → 朗读单词 3 遍;点击例句右侧的"🔊 读例句"→ 朗读例句 1 遍。

第 1 组 · 职业基础 5 个词

career /kəˈrɪə(r)/ n. 🔊
职业;事业;生涯
核心搭配 a successful career(成功的事业);
career choice(职业选择);
career development(职业发展)。
高考例句
Choosing the right career is one of the most important decisions in life.
选择正确的职业是人生中最重要的决定之一。
profession /prəˈfeʃn/ n. 🔊
专业职业(如医生、律师、教师等需要专门训练的职业)
区分profession 特指"专业职业";
occupation 泛指"职业、工作";
job 指"具体的工作岗位"。
professional(adj. 专业的)。
高考例句
Teaching is considered a noble profession in many cultures.
在许多文化中,教师被认为是一个高尚的职业。
occupation /ˌɒkjuˈpeɪʃn/ n. 🔊
职业;占领(正式用语,常用于表格填写)
核心搭配 What's your occupation?(你的职业是什么?);
by occupation(就职业而言);
occupied(adj. 忙于……的)。
高考例句
Please write down your name, age and occupation on the form.
请在表格上写下你的姓名、年龄和职业。
employment /ɪmˈplɔɪmənt/ n. 🔊
就业;雇用
核心搭配 employment opportunities(就业机会);
full-time employment(全职工作);
employ(v. 雇用);employee(n. 雇员)。
高考例句
The government is trying to create more employment opportunities for young people.
政府正努力为年轻人创造更多的就业机会。
position /pəˈzɪʃn/ n. 🔊
职位(= job);位置;立场(一词三义)
核心搭配 apply for a position(申请职位);
in a good position(处于有利地位);
take the position that...(采取……的立场)。
高考例句
She applied for a position as a translator in the company.
她申请了这家公司的翻译职位。

第 2 组 · 求职过程 5 个词

apply /əˈplaɪ/ v. 🔊
申请;应用;适用(一词三义,高频)
核心搭配 apply for a job(申请工作);
apply to sb./sth.(适用于);
apply sth. to sth.(把某物应用于);
application(n. 申请;应用);applicant(n. 申请人)。
高考例句
I plan to apply for a scholarship at that university.
我打算申请那所大学的奖学金。
interview /ˈɪntəvjuː/ n. / v. 🔊
面试;采访
核心搭配 a job interview(求职面试);
have an interview with(与……面谈);
interview sb.(采访某人);
interviewer / interviewee(面试官/面试者)。
高考例句
She did well in the interview and got the job.
她在面试中表现出色,得到了这份工作。
resume /ˈrezjumeɪ/ n. 🔊
简历(= CV,美式英语更常用 resume)
核心搭配 send / submit a resume(投递简历);
a detailed resume(一份详细的简历)。
高考例句
Before the interview, you should prepare a well-written resume.
面试前,你应该准备一份写得好的简历。
qualify /ˈkwɒlɪfaɪ/ v. 🔊
使具备资格;合格;取得资格
核心搭配 qualify for sth.(有资格获得某物);
qualify as(取得……资格);
qualified(adj. 有资格的);qualification(n. 资格)。
高考例句
To qualify for this position, you need at least three years' experience.
要有资格担任这个职位,你至少需要三年经验。
recruit /rɪˈkruːt/ v. / n. 🔊
招聘;招收(v.);新成员(n.)
核心搭配 recruit new employees(招聘新员工);
recruit students(招生);
recruitment(n. 招聘)。
高考例句
The company plans to recruit 100 new employees this year.
公司计划今年招聘100 名新员工。

第 3 组 · 工作能力 5 个词

experience /ɪkˈspɪəriəns/ n. / v. 🔊
经验(不可数);经历(可数);经历(v.)
核心搭配 work experience(工作经验);
a memorable experience(一次难忘的经历);
experienced(adj. 有经验的)。
高考例句
Studying abroad was one of the most valuable experiences in my life.
留学是我人生中最宝贵的经历之一。
competence /ˈkɒmpɪtəns/ n. 🔊
能力;胜任;称职(比 ability 更强调"胜任某项工作")
核心搭配 professional competence(专业能力);
competence in sth.(在某方面的能力);
competent(adj. 有能力的;能胜任的)。
高考例句
Employers value not only knowledge but also professional competence.
雇主不仅看重知识,也看重专业能力。
responsibility /rɪˌspɒnsəˈbɪləti/ n. 🔊
责任;职责
核心搭配 take on responsibility(承担责任);
a sense of responsibility(责任感);
responsible(adj. 负责的)。
高考例句
A good employee should be willing to take on more responsibility.
一个好员工应该愿意承担更多的责任。
teamwork /ˈtiːmwɜːk/ n. 🔊
团队合作;协作(不可数名词)
核心搭配 good teamwork(良好的团队合作);
a spirit of teamwork(团队合作精神);
team player(善于合作的人)。
高考例句
Good teamwork is essential for the success of any project.
良好的团队合作对任何项目的成功都至关重要。
efficiency /ɪˈfɪʃnsi/ n. 🔊
效率;功效
核心搭配 improve efficiency(提高效率);
work efficiency(工作效率);
efficient(adj. 高效的)。
高考例句
New technology has greatly improved work efficiency in recent years.
近年来,新技术极大地提高了工作效率。

第 4 组 · 职业发展 5 个词

promote /prəˈməʊt/ v. 🔊
晋升;促进;推广(一词三义)
核心搭配 be promoted to(被提升为);
promote the development of(促进……的发展);
promotion(n. 晋升;促销)。
高考例句
He was promoted to manager after working hard for five years.
努力工作五年后,他被提升为经理。
achieve /əˈtʃiːv/ v. 🔊
实现;取得(成功)
核心搭配 achieve one's goal(实现目标);
achieve success(取得成功);
achievement(n. 成就)。
高考例句
With determination and effort, you can achieve your career goals.
只要有决心和努力,你就能实现你的职业目标。
challenge /ˈtʃælɪndʒ/ n. / v. 🔊
挑战(n.);向……挑战(v.)
核心搭配 face a challenge(面对挑战);
meet the challenge(迎接挑战);
challenging(adj. 有挑战性的)。
高考例句
Starting a new career is a big challenge, but also an opportunity.
开启新的职业生涯是一个巨大的挑战,但也是一个机会。
opportunity /ˌɒpəˈtjuːnəti/ n. 🔊
机会;时机
核心搭配 take / seize the opportunity(抓住机会);
have the opportunity to do sth.(有机会做某事);
equal opportunities(平等的机会)。
高考例句
Don't miss the opportunity to learn from experienced colleagues.
不要错过向有经验的同事学习的机会。
balance /ˈbæləns/ n. / v. 🔊
平衡(n.);使平衡(v.)(高频搭配 work-life balance)
核心搭配 work-life balance(工作与生活的平衡);
keep a balance between A and B(在 A 与 B 间保持平衡);
a balanced life(平衡的生活)。
高考例句
Achieving a good work-life balance is important for our health and happiness.
实现良好的工作与生活平衡对我们的健康和幸福很重要。

综合练习 5 题

练习 1
选词填空:用 career / profession / occupation / employment / position 的适当形式填空。
(1)Choosing the right ____ is one of the most important decisions in life.
(2)Teaching is considered a noble ____ in many cultures.
(3)Please write down your name, age and ____ on the form.
(4)The government is trying to create more ____ opportunities for young people.
(5)She applied for a ____ as a translator in the company.
答案与详解

(1)career(职业、事业);

(2)profession(专业职业);

(3)occupation(职业,正式用语);

(4)employment(就业);

(5)position(职位)。

(1)career;(2)profession;(3)occupation;(4)employment;(5)position。
练习 2
选词填空:用 apply / interview / resume / qualify / recruit 的适当形式填空。
(1)I plan to ____ for a scholarship at that university.
(2)She did well in the ____ and got the job.
(3)Before the interview, you should prepare a well-written ____.
(4)To ____ for this position, you need at least three years' experience.
(5)The company plans to ____ 100 new employees this year.
答案与详解

(1)apply(申请);

(2)interview(面试);

(3)resume(简历);

(4)qualify(有资格);

(5)recruit(招聘)。

(1)apply;(2)interview;(3)resume;(4)qualify;(5)recruit。
练习 3
选词填空:用 experience / competence / responsibility / teamwork / efficiency 的适当形式填空。
(1)Studying abroad was one of the most valuable ____ in my life.
(2)Employers value not only knowledge but also professional ____.
(3)A good employee should be willing to take on more ____.
(4)Good ____ is essential for the success of any project.
(5)New technology has greatly improved work ____ in recent years.
答案与详解

(1)experiences(经历,可数,复数);

(2)competence(能力);

(3)responsibility(责任);

(4)teamwork(团队合作);

(5)efficiency(效率)。

(1)experiences;(2)competence;(3)responsibility;(4)teamwork;(5)efficiency。
练习 4
选词填空:用 promote / achieve / challenge / opportunity / balance 的适当形式填空。
(1)He was ____ to manager after working hard for five years.
(2)With determination and effort, you can ____ your career goals.
(3)Starting a new career is a big ____, but also an opportunity.
(4)Don't miss the ____ to learn from experienced colleagues.
(5)Achieving a good work-life ____ is important for our health and happiness.
答案与详解

(1)promoted(被提升);

(2)achieve(实现);

(3)challenge(挑战);

(4)opportunity(机会);

(5)balance(平衡)。

(1)promoted;(2)achieve;(3)challenge;(4)opportunity;(5)balance。
练习 5
翻译下列句子(用本页学到的词):
(1)选择正确的职业是人生中最重要的决定之一。
(2)良好的团队合作对任何项目的成功都至关重要。
(3)实现良好的工作与生活平衡对我们的健康很重要。
答案与详解

(1)Choosing the right career is one of the most important decisions in life.

(2)Good teamwork is essential for the success of any project.

(3)Achieving a good work-life balance is important for our health.

参考译文见上。
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