动词短语专题 · make · 上海高考英语词汇

📖 为什么 make 短语是"翻译必备"？

make 本身的意思是"制作、使得"，但加上不同的介词或副词后，意思会延伸得非常宽——make up 是"编造/组成/化妆/和好"（一词四义），make sense 是"讲得通"，make the most of 是"充分利用"。这些搭配是中译英里最"拿分"的表达。

本专题系统整理 make 的 12 个高频短语。学完之后，只需再学 turn 短语，五大王牌动词短语就全部完成。

🔊 朗读功能：点击短语本身（短语 + 词性区域）→ 朗读 3 遍；点击例句右侧的"🔊 读例句"→ 朗读例句 1 遍。

1make 短语速查表（12 个）

先快速浏览一遍，看哪些已经掌握、哪些还不熟悉。下面"高频短语详解"会重点讲解最容易混、最常考的 8 个。

短语	含义	例句
make up	编造；组成；化妆；和好	He made up an excuse for being late.
make up for	弥补；补偿	Nothing can make up for the loss of time.
make out	辨认出；理解	I can't make out what he is saying.
make sense	讲得通；有意义；合理	What you said doesn't make sense.
make sure	确保；查明	Make sure that you turn off the lights.
make use of	利用	We should make full use of our time.
make the most of	充分利用	Make the most of your opportunities.
make it	成功；赶到；做到	He finally made it as a writer.
make for	走向；有助于	Early rising makes for good health.
make off	逃走（+ with）	The thief made off with the money.
make away with	偷走；带走	The burglars made away with the jewelry.
make do with	凑合着用；勉强应付	We have to make do with what we have.

2高频短语详解（8 个重点）

🔊 使用提示：点短语读 3 遍，点例句读 1 遍。

make up phr. 🔊

① 编造（故事、借口）；② 组成、构成；③ 化妆；④ 和解、和好

高频一词四义，是上海卷完形填空的"必考短语"。
· 表示"由……组成"时用 be made up of；
· 表示"与某人和好"时用 make up with sb.。

例句

He made up an excuse for being late.

他为迟到编造了一个借口。

Water is made up of hydrogen and oxygen.

水由氢和氧组成。

She made up her face before going out.

她出门前化了妆。

They quarreled but soon made up.

他们吵架了，但很快就和好了。

make up for phr. 🔊

弥补；补偿（损失、过失）

对比make up（编造/和好）≠ make up for（弥补）。加 for 后意思完全不同。

例句

Nothing can make up for the loss of time.

时间上的损失是无法弥补的。

He worked hard to make up for his past mistakes.

他努力工作来弥补过去的错误。

make out phr. 🔊

① 辨认出（看不清的东西）；② 理解、明白

常考make out 多用于"听不清、看不清"的语境，比 understand 更具体。

例句

I can't make out what he is saying.

我听不清他在说什么。

Can you make out the words on the sign?

你能辨认出标牌上的字吗？

make sense phr. 🔊

讲得通；有意义；合理

常考三种常见搭配：
· sth. makes sense（某事讲得通）；
· make sense of sth.（理解某事）；
· It makes sense to do sth.（做某事是合理的）。

例句

What you said doesn't make sense.

你说的话讲不通。

It makes sense to save money for the future.

为将来存钱是合理的。

make sure phr. 🔊

确保；查明

句型后面常接 that 从句或 of sth.：
· make sure that + 从句（不用 will）；
· make sure of sth.

例句

Make sure that you turn off the lights before leaving.

离开前确保把灯关掉。

Please make sure of the time of the meeting.

请确认一下会议的时间。

make use of phr. 🔊

利用（资源、时间、机会）

常用常加形容词 full / good / better：
· make full use of（充分利用）；
· make good use of（好好利用）。

例句

We should make full use of our time.

我们应该充分利用时间。

He made good use of every chance to practice English.

他好好利用了每一个练习英语的机会。

make the most of phr. 🔊

充分利用（机会、条件、时间）

对比make the most of 语气比 make use of 更强，强调"把好的一面发挥到极致"。

例句

Make the most of your opportunities to learn.

充分利用你的学习机会。

We should make the most of our youth.

我们应该充分利用青春时光。

make it phr. 🔊

① 成功；② 赶到；③ 做到

常考口语化强，常出现在对话/完形里：
· make it as + 职业（成功成为……）；
· make it to + 地点（赶到某地）。

例句

He finally made it as a writer.

他终于成功成为一名作家。

I'm sorry, but I can't make it to the meeting.

抱歉，我赶不上会议了。

3易混短语辨析

易混短语	核心区别	例句对比
make up vs make up for	make up = 编造/组成/和好；make up for = 弥补	make up an excuse make up for the loss
make out vs make up	make out = 辨认/理解；make up = 编造/组成	make out the words make up a story
make use of vs make the most of	make use of = 利用；make the most of = 充分利用（语气更强）	make use of time make the most of the chance
make sense vs make sense of	make sense = 讲得通（不及物）；make sense of = 理解某事（及物）	The plan makes sense. I can't make sense of it.
make sure vs be sure	make sure = 去确保（动作）；be sure = 确信（状态）	Make sure that you come. I am sure that he will come.
make off vs make away with	make off = 逃走；make away with = 偷走	The thief made off. He made away with the money.

4例句精讲 · 结合真题语境

下面 6 个句子来自上海卷真题/模拟题语境，每个句子都标注了考点。

be made up of phr. 🔊

由……组成（= consist of）

例句

The team is made up of ten members from different countries.

这支队伍由来自不同国家的十名成员组成。

make up for phr. 🔊

弥补；补偿

例句

Nothing can make up for the loss of time.

时间上的损失是无法弥补的。

make sense phr. 🔊

讲得通；有意义

例句

His explanation doesn't make sense to me at all.

他的解释对我来说完全讲不通。

make full use of phr. 🔊

充分利用

例句

We should make full use of every opportunity to improve ourselves.

我们应该充分利用每个机会来提升自己。

make sure phr. 🔊

确保（+ that 从句）

例句

Make sure that you have taken everything you need.

确保你带齐了所有需要的东西。

make it phr. 🔊

成功（make it as + 职业）

例句

He worked hard and finally made it as a scientist.

他努力工作，最终成功成为一名科学家。

★高考链接 · 完形填空 / 中译英

真题 1 · 完形填空

Nothing can ____ the loss of time.
A. make up　B. make up for　C. make out　D. make for

答案与详解

答案：B。

make up for 表示"弥补、补偿"，符合句意。

A 编造/组成/和好；C 辨认/理解；D 走向/有助于。

译文：时间上的损失是无法弥补的。

真题 2 · 完形填空

What he said at the meeting didn't ____ at all.
A. make up　B. make out　C. make sense　D. make for

答案与详解

答案：C。

make sense 表示"讲得通、有意义"，符合句意。

译文：他在会上说的话完全讲不通。

真题 3 · 完形填空

The team ____ of ten members from different countries.
A. is made up　B. is made up of　C. makes up　D. makes up for

答案与详解

答案：B。

be made up of 表示"由……组成"，符合句意。

注意：表示"由……组成"时必须用被动形式 be made up of，且必须有 of。

译文：这支队伍由来自不同国家的十名成员组成。

真题 4 · 中译英

我们应该充分利用每一个机会来提高英语水平。

答案与详解

"充分利用"用 make full use of（也可用 make the most of）；

整句：We should make full use of every opportunity to improve our English.

参考译文：We should make full use of every opportunity to improve our English.

真题 5 · 中译英

他努力工作，最终成功地成为了一名医生。

答案与详解

"成功成为"用 make it as；

整句：He worked hard and finally made it as a doctor.

参考译文：He worked hard and finally made it as a doctor.

真题 6 · 中译英

离开教室前，请确保所有的窗户都关好了。

答案与详解

"确保"用 make sure；

从句用 that 引导，时态用现在完成时（表示已经关好了）；

整句：Make sure that all the windows are closed before you leave the classroom.

参考译文：Make sure that all the windows are closed before you leave the classroom.

✓本专题复习清单

make up：编造；组成（be made up of）；化妆；和好（make up with sb.）
make up for：弥补；补偿
make out：辨认出；理解
make sense：讲得通；有意义；make sense of = 理解
make sure：确保（+ that 从句或 of sth.）
make use of：利用；make full use of = 充分利用
make the most of：充分利用（语气更强）
make it：成功；赶到（make it as + 职业；make it to + 地点）
make for：走向；有助于
make off：逃走（+ with）
make away with：偷走；带走
make do with：凑合着用；勉强应付

下一步：继续学 turn 短语（10 个），五大王牌动词短语就全部完成。之后进入"高频词汇突破"和"词根词缀记忆法"。